Consumer protection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer protection - Essay Example f acts of parliament have been established to ensure the protection of the consumers and ensure that government agencies follow established standards. The English tort and the English contract law were the first established acts that were established to ensure the consumer protection in the country remain stable. A number of departments have also been established including the department of trade, industry, price, and consumer protection. The establishment of European community’s act of 1972 also enhanced the country’s effort to protect the consumers from illegal and exploitative business practices (Jay & Clarke, 2010). Despite the massive development in consumer protection law in the United Kingdom, the effort to protect consumers from poor processed products and exploitative business practices has met a number of challenges. In this paper, the challenges of the efforts adopted in the United Kingdom to protect the consumers will be discussed. The paper will also highlight the methods that are used by the consumer rights bills to overcome consumer protection challenges (Cartwright, 2008). The consumer rights bill was recently introduced to the United Kingdom parliament for deliberation, enhancement and possible adoption after passing through the House of Lords. This bill is believed to have the power to streamline the consumer protection efforts in the country and update retrogressive consumer protection laws. Based on the consumer rights bill, consumers have core rights, which must be respected by other businesses and legal entities in the country. These include the right to be paid and enjoy goods and services which meets the established standards. Consumers also have the right to fault the products and services they buy and to expect a refund or replacement in the event that the producer is at fault. The consumer rights bill is currently before the House of Lords in the country’s legislature and expected to be ratified and adopted by the country.

Adolescence in anthropology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Adolescence in anthropology - Assignment Example According to our Week 2 lecture from Dr. Tanya Mueller, the female body form is, at times, considered the default body form.The lack of the Y-chromosome is responsible for the development of female anatomy while in utero A person becomes a male or female while in utero, which is after conception but before birth and puberty. All embryos are identical in external appearance for the first eight weeks of gestation, and then several factors nudge the infant toward male or female development. In the seventh week, the embryo has both male and female primordial ducts. In the normal female fetus, the millerian duct system then develops into oviducts and a uterus. In the normal male fetus, the wolferian duct system on each side develops into the epididymis and vas deferens. The external genitalia are similarly bipotential until the eighth week (The reproductive organs and genitals associated with "female" or "male" arise from the same initial (fetal) tissue). Thereafter, the urogenital slit d isappears and male genitalia formed or alternatively, it remains open, and female genitalia is formed. If the egg was fertilized with the x chromosome then the female structures continue to mature, the default system. However if the y chromosome fertilized the egg then a hormonal switch happens; two genes are activated and the female structures are completely dissolved and destroyed and the male organs take their place. Hormones play an overwhelming role in determining sexuality right from conception to puberty. The increased production of sex hormone like estrogen is responsible for changes like breast growth, changes in the walls of the uterus and vagina, and changes in the pelvic structure. Hormones like prolactin and lactogenic stimulates milk production and also helps maintain normal ovarian cycle. Follicile-stimulating hormone stimulates egg production in female while sperm production in males. Luteinizing hormone stimulates ovulation in females while the hormone oxytocin caus es uterus to contract and the breasts to release milk, thus lending female characteristics. On the other hand, hormones like testosterone stimulate development of male reproductive tract and male secondary sexual characteristics. Being a female, from the biological point of view, is determined on the basis of distribution of body hair, patterns of fat deposit, higher voice etc. A major characteristic is the establishment of the menstrual cycle. This involves the periodic growth and shedding of the lining of the uterus. Being a male again can be identified by definite body features and distribution of hair and fat etc., besides in the production of sperm and ejaculation. Also, males and females have different behavior patterns. Some behavioral differences are learned (patterns of dress, use of facial make-up), whereas others appear to be less dependent on culture (degree of aggressiveness, frequency of sexual thought). 2. Several lectures discussed the establishment of adolescence as a distinct life history stage. When do you think we see this occurring? In other words, even though there is no doubt mammals, monkeys, apes, and fossil hominids experience puberty (age at alpha) or reproductive maturation, do these qualify as a â€Å"distinct life history stage†? Why or why not? The sexual development of puberty has a typical pattern I both boys and girls, with a generally predictable line of changes taking place. The onset of puberty in most girls is marked by the development of breasts, which happens at an average age of 11 years. This is followed by the growth of pubic hair, and then hairs in the armpit. However, it has been found that a minority of girls have pubic hair coming out before their breasts begin to grow. Menstruation takes place usually two and a half years after the onset of puberty. A regular pattern of ovulation corresponding to achievement of fertility usually develops rapidly after a girl begins having menstrual cycles. However studies have shown that one half of adolescent

Module 1 - Case - Health Care Financial Environment Essay

Module 1 - Case - Health Care Financial Environment - Essay Example Therefore, evaluation means conducting of assessment of perceived outcomes that are often measurable through standardized performances and regulations. It means an evaluation plan helps in achieving goals and objectives that are critical in enforcing the mission statements of a particular hospital environment (Speizman, 2009). Additionally, improvement of efficiency and effectiveness becomes of part of evaluation when CFOs examine the long-term investment decisions important for strengthening contract management. Planning, on the other hand, implies that CFOs must identify a project plan that is both feasible and operational in different environments. Accordingly, planning helps in the deconstruction of perceptions to convert them into reality when evaluating goals that need immediate implementation (Tolbert et al., 2010). It means all investment decisions are strategic because they serve certain purposes approved by CFOs in their quest to streamline the overall management (Burtrie et al., 2013). In other words, planning is a part of partnership with other management processes such as evaluation to assist in controlling of organizations cash flows and other pressing

Dole Food Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dole Food Company - Essay Example In July 2001, it was reincorporated as a Delaware corporation. Its headquarters is located in Westlake village, California. Dole is one of the world’s leading producers of pineapples, bananas, packed fresh vegetables, salads and fruit products. In the fiscal year ended 2, 2010, this company generated operating income of about $352 million and total revenue of approximately $6.8 billion. By January 2, 2010, Dole had total revenue of $4.1 billion. Dole has divided its business operations into three segments: the fresh vegetable segment produces and distributes fresh-packed and value added salads, and vegetables to institutional customers and retailers primarily in Europe, North America and Asia (Dole Food Company, Castle & Cooke, Inc, 2003). The fresh fruit segment is divided into several departments, which are responsible for the production and distribution of fresh fruits to retail, wholesale and institutional customers worldwide. The third segment is packaged foods segment, w hich also includes a number of divisions that process and distribute packed foods including frozen fruit, juices, fruit and healthy snack food (U.S. International Trade Commission, 2002). The writer chose to analyze the accounting process and financial statements of Dole Food Company because of its outstanding performance in the food processing industry. In addition, it was not difficult obtaining the company’s financial statement since my mother works in the company as a quality assurance manager. The financial statements used for this project were obtained from the internet, by opening the company’s Website link I was given by my mother. The main aim of this paper is to understand the analysis of the accounting process and financial statements of Companies by focusing on Dole Food Company. In the paper, I will analyze Dole’s balance sheet, statements of cash flow, and income statements. Before analyzing Dole’s accounting process and financial statements , it is necessary to understand some of the key accounting concepts and terms that are used by Dole’s accountants when recording and balancing financial statements and other transactions. 1) Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) - this principle refers to the standard framework of guidelines for financial accounting (Bernstein & Wild, 2000). It includes conventions, standards and principles that accountants observe when recording and balancing financial statements and other transactions. GAAP can be obtained from several sources including promulgation of the Accounting Principle Board and Financial Accounting Standards (Pefianco & Rosario, 2006). 2) Accrual Basis verses Cash Basis Accounting: accrual basis is the income earned and reported in particular periods despite of when it was received (Costales & Szurovy, 1993). It also includes the expenses that were incurred regardless of whether they were paid or not. In the financial statements used for this project, it is evident that Dole’s accountants recorded both expenses and income when they occurred. Cash basis accounting involves recording of transactions based on cash position and cash flow. Revenue is recorded upon cash receipt, and expenses when cash is paid. This accounting method is evident in Dole’s financial statements; however, it is not commonly used like Accrual Basis Accounting (Hey-Cunningham, 2007). 3) Current Assets and Liabilities verses Non-Current Items: Current assets are items that are available in cash form, or can be changed into cash within a short period (Dyckman, 2001). Example that is present in Dole’s financial statement is inventory or accounts receivable. Fixed assets, on the other hand, are assets which cannot easily be converted

Convergence from GAAP to IFRS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Convergence from GAAP to IFRS - Essay Example The paper will further discuss the benefits, which will accrue to United States firms, investors, and the economy as a whole, as a result of converging from United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles to International Financial Reporting Standards. Convergence from Generally Accepted Accounting Principles to International Financial Reporting Standards Currently, International Financial Reporting Standards are used by more than 12,000 companies in the world and have been in use in over 100 countries around the globe. According to Kaiser et al. (2012), there are various ongoing projects, which were initiated by the International Accounting Standards Board and the Financial Accounting Standards Board with an aim of enhancing the International Financial Reporting Standards and America Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, and eventually making the principles fully compatible. Majority of these projects covers the key components of the financial reports. Through these proje cts, the boards plan to enhance financial disclosure information for shareholders while also aligning U.S. GAAP and international bookkeeping standards. Revenue recognition, financial instruments, and leases are deemed as the priority projects largely as a result of existing difference of IFRS and U.S. GAAP and the necessity for enhancements, especially in the principles they are intended to replace. The boards have also concentrated on financial reports presentation and consolidations projects due to considerable implications they might have (Kaiser et al., 2012). According to Henson (2012), in late 2011, SEC Chief Accountant, James Kroeker, indicated that considerable progress had taken place on numerous IASB and FASB Memorandum of Understanding convergence projects encompassing other comprehensive financial and income reporting fair value guidance. In January 2012, the chairman of IASB, Hans Hoogervorst acknowledged that International Financial Reporting Standards pose several ch allenges for the SEC. U.S. uses a sophisticated, mature and time stated set of bookkeeping standards, and this makes it difficult to make the convergence decision. In June 2012, IASB and FASB agreed on lease bookkeeping model where all leases with a period of one year or more would be reported on the balance sheet. Hans Hoogervorst indicated that the two boards anticipate completing the convergence project by year 2013 (Henson, 2012). The considerable progress in the convergence projects requires the United States companies, to start examining the implications of the convergence on their operations. This would enable companies to plan how to adopt the changes, which will arise from the convergence. This implies that, at the beginning of 2014, the U.S. public traded corporations might be obligated to file financial reports with the SEC using the International Financial Reporting Standards. In my opinion, it is beneficial for the United States to converge from America Generally Accept ed Accounting Principles to International Financial Reporting Standards. The convergence has various challenges and advantages. The challenges facing the transition may be addressed appropriately by all stakeholders involved in the convergenc

A Conversation of Authors and Scriptures Personal Statement

A Conversation of Authors and Scriptures - Personal Statement Example I'm enthusiastic in comprehending what exactly happens when someone is writing and how I can learn the art of writing. By the way, I realize that every author is keen about the choice of words and, according to Stevenson, "the first merit which attracts in the pages of a good author, or the talk of a brilliant conversationalist, is the apt choice and contrast of words employed." (Stevenson, 2) Therefore, every author will be very careful about the choice of their words and other such techniques. Teacher: You said it exactly. Writing is an art which every student needs to comprehend during his or her course of study and I really appreciate your efforts to learn the process of writing. Writing is also a cognitive process and every writer makes several revisions to his/her writing. It is also important for the beginners to concentrate on bringing judgments based on their own experience in writing. Let us remember that "Sommers notes the disparity between how writing textbooks teach composting and how experienced writers really compose and she calls for careful research into cognitive processes in writing In "I Stand Here Writing" (1993), Sommers again emphasizes that students should bring judgments based on their own experience to their writing of academic essays." (Babin and Harrison, 95) Therefore, the student authors should be cautious about producing their strong voices in their writing and about the process of making revisions. That is to say, the students, following the a dults, need to revise at the global level rather than revising at word or sentence level. Sommers: Of course, what all things the teacher told you are greatly useful to the student writers. In fact, they are the results of my important research on students' writing practices. As I can state from my personal experience, there is the immense relationship between a writer's personal life and his/her writing. A writer also should have, like Roland Barthes had, an urge toward scientific enquiry and a strong desire to write. "There is in Barthes, although not stressed either by him or his commentators, a strong, spontaneous and optimistic urge toward scientific enquiry According to a logic the crucial moment is not so much the finished product, the oeuvre, as the activity of writing, the idea of writing, and above all, the desire to write. And despite his widely admired performance as a stylist, it is only because Barthes shares this attitude that he claims recognition as a poet himself" (Lavers, 32) Barthes: Yeah, you are obviously right Sommers. However, you need to emphasize my important point: my critique of the French classical style of writing. In my book Writing Degree Zero, I "was concerned with the French classical style of writing. This style, which emerged in court society in the seventeenth century, prided itself upon clarity and preciseness of expression, and set itself up as a universal model of standard for all writing." (Strinati, 98) However, I realized that the French classicism was neither neutral nor natural and inevitable. My book Writing Degree Zero developed a style which rejects the idea of politically committed writing and values colourless, transparent, neutral, blank and impersonal writing style.     Ã‚  

Carpe Diem Essay Example for Free

Carpe Diem Essay We live day to day working, paying bills, and not noticing what is truly out there in the world. We get caught up in drama with co-workers, friends, family and random people that we meet in our day to day activities. We stress over little things that shouldn’’t even be stressed over, because what’’s going to change from the time you’’re stressing from the next day to the next? The problem won’’t go away or get better or worse either way. So why stress? Life is too short to not enjoy what the world has to offer. Carpe Diem is a Latin phrase meaning â€Å"â€Å"Seize the Day†Ã¢â‚¬ . It can mean many different things to different people. Carpe diem really just means living life to the fullest because tomorrow may never come. Carpe Diem in Latin means seize the day but when you look at that what does it mean to you? To me it means living your life to the fullest. You need to enjoy every aspect of life as much as possible because when you really look at things in the big picture we are not on this planet very long. So it really isn’’t a phrase that means something, but it is a way of life. When you look at it you should ask yourself this question. If my life was a book, how interesting would it be and would anyone want to read it. When living life to the fullest a major aspect would have to be your family. How can you say you have no regrets if you are not in order with your family? Your family should be your life and you should enjoy everything you do with them. You should also strive to make sure they feel the same way about you. Making sure you’’re not too busy to enjoy your family and doing things with them will make you feel more fulfilled in life. You and your family’’s happiness will always be one of the biggest aspects when it comes to living your life to the fullest. Working is a big part of life because you spend the majority of your day doing it. You should work at a career that you enjoy not work just to pay bills. Working at a job that you enjoy will make many other aspects in life seem that much better and you will enjoy life much more. Money can’’t buy happiness, love, family, or friends. If you work just for a paycheck and don’’t enjoy what you do you will not enjoy all the other things in life as much. How do you think your daily life will feel if you spend eight of the sixteen hours you are awake doing something you don’’t enjoy? When looking back at your life in your older age you should want to feel that you have enjoyed your career and did it for the right reasons. Enjoying your job and doing what you live is a big part of living your life to the fullest. Life is also about going out having good experiences with good company. Whether good or bad, new experiences with good friends will always be a memorable and good time in your life. Remembering the good times around the camp fires and the nice ice cold beers with those that mean the most to you is a great example. Having the chance to explore the world and making memories is one of the most charitable things in life. Climb a mountain, swim a sea, what’’s the worst thing that can happen; your phone bill doesn’’t get paid. I’’m not saying quit your job and forget that you have responsibilities, but what should really come first? Everyone needs a break from work to enjoy life. Take the time out of working to go out for a god hunt or a day at the beach with friends. If you can look back and like a bigger part of your life than not you are seizing the day. So you might say that isn’’t what seizing the day means. You may feel that it means something completely different. But looking at your life, how accomplished would you feel if you didn’’t have any family or never had any fun memories about your life. You could not say with a clear conscience that you have lived your life to the fullest. No matter how you feel inside or what your definition may be on living life to the fullest you will always want to look back and say I had no regrets. You can look at your life in many different ways and see several different views on it. When looking at it in the big picture you want to feel that you lived it to the fullest with no regrets. When picturing the whole thing we call a life and reflecting on it you will see that family, what you do, and the people you do it with make up a huge portion of it. So make sure you live everyday to the fullest and never forget the saying â€Å"â€Å"Carpe Diem†Ã¢â‚¬ .